Strategizing Antiviral Medication Usage for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with SARS-CoV-2: Insights from Inpatient Pharmacy Practices at Hospital Settings

Yuneka Saristiana; Leny Witaning Kusumati; Neni Probosiwi; Tsamrotul Ilmi; Nur Fahma Laili; Fendy Prasetyawan

doi:10.58471/health.v2i02.120

Authors

Yuneka Saristiana Universitas Kadiri, Kediri
Leny Witaning Kusumati Universitas Kadiri, Kediri
Neni Probosiwi Universitas Kadiri, Kediri
Tsamrotul Ilmi Universitas Kadiri, Kediri
Nur Fahma Laili Universitas Kadiri, Kediri
Fendy Prasetyawan Universitas Kadiri, Kediri

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58471/health.v2i02.120

Keywords:

COVID-19, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Antiviral Drugs, Treatment Strategies, Patient Outcomes

Abstract

The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in 2020 led to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, posing significant challenges globally. As of December 19, 2021, the worldwide confirmed cases surpassed 273 million, with a devastating death toll exceeding 5.3 million. Indonesia reported its first case on March 2, 2020, and has since faced escalating numbers, necessitating urgent attention.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a commonly occurring comorbidity among COVID-19 patients, drawing attention due to the vulnerability of CKD patients to medical complications. Understanding the use of antiviral drugs in CKD patients with COVID-19 is essential, considering the risks of drug toxicity and interactions. This study aims to investigate the frequency of antiviral drug usage in COVID-19 patients with CKD, providing insights into treatment strategies and guiding medical practitioners. Conducted at Dr. Soedomo Trenggalek Regional Hospital, the research utilizes a cross-sectional, non-experimental design and purposive sampling method. Data collection involves patients' medical records, focusing on demographics, antiviral drug usage, disease severity, treatment duration, mortality rates, and potential side effects. The demographic analysis reveals that the majority of COVID-19 patients with CKD are aged 50 and above, with males comprising 74% of the cohort. Age and gender influence disease severity, with older individuals and males at higher risk. Antiviral drug usage predominantly includes favipiravir (64%) and remdesivir (36%), underscoring their importance in treatment protocols. Decisions regarding antiviral therapy in CKD patients with COVID-19 require careful consideration of benefits, risks, and patient characteristics.

References

Akhmal, F., Prasetyawan, F., Saristiana, Y., Mildawati, R., & Dhafin, A. A. (2024). Strategi Pencegahan COVID-19: Peningkatan Imunitas Tubuh Melalui Edukasi Konsumsi Teh Kombucha. Jurnal Pengabdian Al-Amin, 2(1), 18-26.

Alifa, C. S., & Nasution, M. F. G. (2023). C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Levels in Stadium 5 Chronic Kidney Disease with Hemodialysis Regularly and Covid-19. Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI), 5(1), 18-25.

Ardianto, N., Prasetyawan, F., Saristiana, Y., Muslikh, F. A., Mildawati, R., Dhafin, A. A., ... & Rofiq, A. (2023). Forensic Pharmacy Case Study: Identification of Hazardous Mercu-ry Content as a Whitening Agent in Beauty Cream Products. International Journal of Contemporary Sciences (IJCS), 1(2), 85-90.

Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Xia, J., Yu, T., Zhang, X., & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet (London, England), 395(10223), 507–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7.

Di Gennaro, F., Pizzol, D., Marotta, C., Antunes, M., Racalbuto, V., Veronese, N., & Smith, L. (2020). Coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) current status and future perspectives: A narrative review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082690.

Diao, X., Dorosh, P. A., Fang, P., & Schmidt, E. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 and other shocks on Papua New Guinea’s food economy: A multi-market simulation analysis (Vol. 2004). Intl Food Policy Res Inst.

Fatmawati, E. N., Mildawati, R., Saristiana, Y., Prasetyawan, F., & Muslikh, F. A. (2024). Evaluasi Efektifitas Penggunaan Uterotonika Misoprostol pada Induksi Persalinan Kehamilan Postterm. IKN: Jurnal Informatika dan Kesehatan, 1(1), 19-33.

Hakim, A. L., Prasetyawan, F., Saristiana, Y., Muslikh, F. A., Dhafin, A. A., Mildawati, R., ... & Rofiq, A. (2023). Pharmacy Philosophy in the Law of Power: The Morality of Pharmaceutical Ethics towards Rhetoric of Logic. International Journal of Contemporary Sciences (IJCS), 1(2), 67-76.

Handayani, S. P. (2010). Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Ikan dengan Radiasi Gelombang Mikro. (Skripsi, Universitas Sebelas Maret)

Khumaeni, E. H., Mildawati, R., & Prasetyawan, F. (2023). The Evaluation of the use of Antihypertensive Drugs with ATC&DDD Method in Cardiac Poly Geriatric Patient at Ajibarang Hospitas Inpatient Instalation. International Journal of Contemporary Sciences (IJCS), 1(1), 7-20.

Mildawati, R., Saristiana, Y., Prasetyawan, F., & Nugroho, B. P. (2024). Pelaksanaan Vaksi-nasi Dalam Rangka Penanggulangan Pandemi Covid-19 Dengan Lintas Sektor. Abdi Masyarakat Vokasi, 1(1), 80-85.

Nababan, O. A., Oktadiana, I., Prasetyawan, F., Saristiana, Y., Muslikh, F. A., & Mildawati, R. (2024). Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat Pada Pasien Hipertensi Rawat Jalan Di Puskesmas “X” Kota Solo. Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA), 2(2).

Nugroho, B. P., Mildawati, R., Prasetyawan, F., Saristiana, Y., & Oktadiana, I. (2024). Sosialisasi Obat Herbal Dan Edukasi Pemilihan Obat Herbal. Abdi Masyarakat Vokasi, 1(1), 96-101.

Oktadiana, I., Daulay, M., Mildawati, R., Prasetyawan, F., Saristiana, Y., & Nugroho, B. P. (2024). Penyuluhan Dan Sosialisasi Tanaman Obat Keluarga Untuk Menurunkan Kadar Gula Darah Di Desa Batu Dua Kabupaten Simalungun. Abdi Masyarakat Vokasi, 1(1), 73-79.

Prasetyawan, F., & Saristana, Y. (2023). CORONAVIRUS DESEASE 2019 (COVID-19) DAN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIS (PGK): Tinjauan Prevalensi, Faktor Risiko dan Pengobatan Pertama. DEWA Publising.

Prasetyawan, F., Muslikh, F. A., Dhafin, A. A., Putri, E. M., Saristiana, Y., & Raharjo, S. M. (2023). The Efficacy of Antiviral Medications in Managing Blood Oxygen Levels in Covid-19 Patients Afflicted by Chronic Kidney Conditions. Contemporary Journal of Applied Sciences, 1(1), 17-24.

Prasetyawan, F., Muslikh, F. A., Dhafin, A. A., Putri, E. M., Saristiana, Y., & Raharjo, S. M. (2023). Efficacy of Antiviral Medications in Decreasing Inflammation Levels Among Covid-19 Patients Experiencing Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Contemporary Jour-nal of Applied Sciences, 1(1), 33-40.

Rudiansyah, M., Nur’Amin, H. W., Lubis, L., Bandiara, R., Roesli, R. M. A., & Rachmadi, D. (2020). COVID-19 and kidney diseases in Indonesia. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(7), 435–442. https://doi.org/10.31838/srp.2020.7.63

Saristiana, Y., Prasetyawan, F., Muslikh, F. A., Dhafin, A. A., Mildawati, R., Putri, E. M., & Raharjo, S. M. (2023). Utilization of Antiviral Medications in COVID-19 Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Hospital. International Journal of Contemporary Sciences (IJCS), 1(1), 27-32.

Shaharin, N. S., Bhari, A., Yusof, M. F. M., & Yaakob, M. A. Z. (2022). An Analysis Of Poverty Determination Approach Post Covid-19: Analisis Kaedah Penentuan Kemiskinan Pasca Covid-19. al-Qanatir: International Journal of Islamic Studies, 25(1), 12-21.

Sherina, T., Andriane, Y., & Achmad, S. (2023). Hubungan Penyakit Ginjal Kronik dengan Derajat Klinis Covid-19 di Ruang Rawat Inap RSUD Al- Ihsan Bandung Tahun 2021. Bandung Conference Series: Medical Science, 3(1), 848–852. https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsms.v3i1.6710.

Velavan, T. P., Kuk, S., Linh, L. T. K., Lamsfus Calle, C., Lalremruata, A., Pallerla, S. R., ... & Kremsner, P. G. (2021). Longitudinal monitoring of laboratory markers characterizes hospitalized and ambulatory COVID-19 patients. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 14471.

Yıldırım, M., Akgül, Ö., & Geçer, E. (2022). The Effect of COVID-19 Anxiety on General Health: the Role of COVID-19 Coping. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(2), 1110–1121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00429-3

Zhong, B.-L., Luo, W., Li, H.-M., Zhang, Q.-Q., Liu, X.-G., Li, W.-T., & Li, Y. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(10), 1745–1752. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.45221.