Combined Treatment and Power Generation from fertilizer waste water Using Microbial Fuel Cell
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The increasing environmental problem of fertilizer wastewater associated by high loads of pollutants, necessitates the microbial fuel cell innovative treatment technologies that not only mitigate pollution but also generate power. This research investigates the dual-purpose application of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs)for thecombined treatment and power generation from fertilizer wastewater, offering a sustainable solution that integrates wastewater remediation with renewable energy production. The study explores the design, optimization, and performance evaluation of single- and dual-chamber microbial fuel cell systems using urea fertilizer wastewater as substrates. Key parameters including chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, dissolve Oxygen, % ammonia and %Urea reduction, Current and power density were monitored under varying operational conditions (e.g., electrode materials, pH, temperature, retention time). Advanced electrochemical and microbiological techniques were employed to characterize the anodic biofilms and understand the dynamics of the electroactive microbial communities driving the simultaneous biodegradation and electron transfer processes. Result demonstrate that microbial fuel cell can achieve treatment of fertilizer wastewater (COD > 80%, ammonia > 70%) while generating stable output outputs up to 0.66MA and voltage of 0.91V, depending on reactor configuration and substrate concentration. The experimental result shows that Ammonia fertilizer plant effluent is one of the best substrates for energy generation in mfc. The integration of bio electrochemical systems with fertilizer industry effluents not only enhances wastewater treatment efficiency but also contributes to decentralized. This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the feasibility, challenges, and scalability of MFC technology for agro-industrial applications, contributing to the global pursuit of circular economy models and sustainable wastewater-energy nexus solutions.
Article Details
References
Asad S, Amoozegar MA, Pourbabaee AA, Sarbolouki MN, Dastgheib SMM (2007). Decolorization of textile azo dyes by newly isolated halophilic and halotolerant bacteria. Bioresour. Technol. 98: 2082-2088.
Bullen RA, Arnot TC, Lakeman JB, Walsh FC (2006). Biofuel cells and their development.Biosens.Bioelectron. 21: 2015-2045.
Debabov, V.G., 2008. Electricity from microorganisms.Mikrobiologiya 77 (2), 149–157.
Du, Z., Li, H., Gu, T., 2007. A state of the art review on microbial fuel cells: a promising technology for wastewater treatment and bioenergy. Biotech.Adv.
25, 464–482.
Ieropoulos IA, Greenmana J, Melhuish C, Hart J (2005).Comparative study of three types of microbial fuel cell.EnzymeMicrob. Technol. 37: 238-245.
Kim, J.R., Jung, S.H., Regan, J.M., Logan, B.E., 2007. Electricity generation and microbial community analysis of alcohol powered microbial fuel cells. Biores.Technol. 98, 2568–2577.
Liu ZD, Li HR (2007). Effects of bio- and abio-factors on electricity production in a mediatorless microbial fuel cell. Biochem. Eng. J. 36: 209-214.
Logan, B.E., Hamelers, B., Rozendal, R., Schroder, U., Keller, J., Freguia, S., Aelterman, P., Verstraete, W., Rabaey, K., 2006. Microbial fuel cells: methodology and technology. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40, 5181–5192.
Logan BE, Regan JM (2006a). Electricity-producing bacterial communities in microbial fuel cells.TrendsMicrobiol. 14; 512-518.
Logan BE, Regan JM (2006b). Microbial fuel cells-challenges and applications. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40(17): 5172-5180.
Lovley DR (2006) Bug juice: harvesting electricity with microorganisms. Nat Rev Microbiol 4:497–508.
Logan, B.E., 2008. Microbial Fuel Cells.John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. p. 200
Logan, B.E., 2009. Exoelectrogenic bacteria that power microbial fuel cells. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 7, 375–381
Liu H, Ramnarayanan R, Logan BE (2004) Production of electricity during wastewater treatment using a single chamber microbial fuel cell. EnvSc Tech 38:2281-2285
Nambiar S, Togo CA, Limson, JL (2009).Application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to enhance anodic performance of an Enterobacter cloacae-based fuel cell. Afr. J.Biotechnol. 8(24): 6927- 6932.
Pant D, Bogaert GV, Diels L, Vanbroekhoven K (2010). A review of the substrates used in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for sustainable energy production. Bioresour. Technol. 101: 1533-1543.
Potter, M.C., 1911. Electrical effects accompanying the decomposition of organic compounds. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 84, 160–276.
Pham, T.H., Rabaey, K., Aelterman, P., Clauwaert, P., Schamphelaire, L.D., Boon, N., Verstraete, W., 2006. Microbial fuel cells in relation to conventional anaerobic digestion technology. Eng. Life Sci. 6 (3), 285–292.
Pham, T.H., Aelterman, P., Verstraete, W., 2009b. Bioanode performance in
bioelectrochemical systems: recent improvements and prospects. Trends
Biotechnol. 27 (3), 168–178.
Rabaey, K., Boon, N., Siciliano, S.D., Verhaege, M., Verstraete, W., 2004. Biofuel cells select for microbial consortia that self-mediate electron transfer. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70, 5373–5382.
Rozendal, R.A., Hamelers, H.V.M., Rabaey, K., Keller, J., Buisman, C.J.N., 2008. Towards practical implementation of bioelectrochemical wastewater treatment.TrendsBiotechnol. 26 (8), 450–459
Rismani-Yazdi, H., Carver, S.M., Christy, A.D., Tuovinen, A.H., 2008.Cathodic limitations in microbial fuel cells: an overview. J. Power Sources 180, 683–694.
Scott K, Rimbu GA, Katuri KP, Prasad KK, Head IM (2007). Application of modified carbon anodes in microbial fuel cells. Process Saf. Environ. 85: 481-488.
Scott K, Rimbu GA, Katuri KP, Prasad KK, Head IM (2007).Application of modified carbon anodes in microbial fuel cells.ProcessSaf. Environ. 85: 481-488.
Scott, K., Murano, C., 2007. A study of a microbial fuel cell battery using manure Sludge waste. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 82, 809–817.
Sharmaa T, Reddy ALM, Chandraa TS, Ramaprabhub S (2008). Development of carbon nanotubes and nanofluids based microbial fuel cell. Int. J. HydrogenEnergy, 33: 6749-6754.
Tsai H-Y, Wub C-C, Leec C-Y, Shiha EP (2009). Microbial fuel cell performance of multiwall carbon nanotubes on carbon cloth as electrodes. J. Power Sources, 194: 199-205